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Top 3 Benefits of the Keto Diet | Enhance Your Body & Brain
Sustained Weight Loss
Study – Keto & RMR
A study published (Feb, 2018) in the journal Nutrition & Metabolism looked to see keto’s effect on permanent weight loss via its effects on RMR
What they found was that despite the patients’ large weight loss, that weight loss didn’t affect the patients’ RMRs in any significant way – there was no significant differences in their basal RMR and no metabolic adaptations occurred
Researchers concluded that the absent reduction in RMR was not due to increased sympathetic tone, as thyroid hormones, catecholamines, and leptin were reduced at any visit from baseline (2)
Reduced Cravings
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
Study
Normally, you secrete less CCK as you lose weight, so on a traditional diet you’ll lose weight but still crave unhealthy foods (less satiety after a meal)
A study in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition showed that people who were injected with CCK stopped eating their meals sooner than those without it
This same study also looked at the effect of weight loss and ketosis on postprandial cholecystokinin concentrations
The study showed that after 8 weeks of weight loss there were significant reductions in CCK, which was to be expected, but just one week of being in a ketogenic state returned CCK to baseline (pre-weight loss) levels
Ghrelin
Study
A study published in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition looked at hormonal alterations associated with weight loss induced by a ketogenic diet
The study included 39 non-diabetic overweight or obese subjects who completed an 8-week keto diet, followed by 2 weeks of reintroduction of foods
Findings:
There was an increase in ketones, which was to be expected, but the rise in ketones was accompanied with a suppression of the increase in ghrelin that’s normally seen with weight loss (ketones increased, ghrelin was suppressed)
Mental Acuity
Brain Mitochondria
A study published in the journal Molecular Brain Research found enhanced expression of genes encoding for mitochondrial enzymes and energy metabolism in the hippocampus, a part of the brain important for learning and memory
In other words, keto increases the number of mitochondria in brain cells (more energy)
GABA & Glutamate
A study published in the journal Trends in Neuroscience in hippocampal neurons showed that ketones directly inhibited the neuron’s ability to “load up” on glutamate – creates a better balance between GABA & Glutamate
Ketosis & Hypothalamic Neuropeptides
A study published in the American Journal of Physiology found that mice put on a keto diet not only rapidly lost weight, but the expression of several neuropeptides increased as well
Hypothalamic neuropeptides are great at hypothalamic stimulation and ketones can cross the blood-brain barrier, and signal these neuropeptides
References
1) Resting metabolic rate of obese patients under very low calorie ketogenic diet. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5816424/
2) Very-low-carbohydrate diets and preservation of muscle mass. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1373635/#B6
3) Effect of weight loss and ketosis on postprandial cholecystokinin and free fatty acid concentrations. – PubMed – NCBI. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18469245?dopt=Abstract&holding=npg
4) Ketosis and appetite-mediating nutrients and hormones after weight loss. – PubMed – NCBI. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23632752
5) Effect of beta-hydroxybutyrate on whole-body leucine kinetics and fractional mixed skeletal muscle protein synthesis in humans. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC303494/
6) physiology.org | Error. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/ajpendo.00717.2006
7) The Role of Hypothalamic Neuropeptides in Neurogenesis and Neuritogenesis. (2016, January 13). Retrieved from https://www.hindawi.com/journals/np/2016/3276383/
8) Fan, S. (2013, October 1). The fat-fueled brain: unnatural or advantageous? Retrieved from https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/mind-guest-blog/the-fat-fueled-brain-unnatural-or-advantageous/
10) Your Brain on Ketones. (2011, April 18). Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/evolutionary-psychiatry/201104/your-brain-ketones
11) Noh HS , et al. (n.d.). A cDNA microarray analysis of gene expression profiles in rat hippocampus following a ketogenic diet. – PubMed – NCBI. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15469884
12) Lutas A and Yellen G. (n.d.). The ketogenic diet: metabolic influences on brain excitability and epilepsy. – PubMed – NCBI. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23228828